Knowledgeable
Definition

ICER

Incremental cost-effectiveness ratio.

The headline number every HTA submission revolves around — the extra cost per QALY of your therapy versus the comparator. It's the price of the question every payer asks first.

glossaryhealth-economicsQALY

The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) is the extra cost per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) gained from your therapy versus its comparator. NICE benchmarks against £20,000–£30,000/QALY; severity modifiers and end-of-life criteria can stretch the threshold.

What kills an ICER isn't usually the model — it's the inputs. Comparator effectiveness, utility values, and time horizon assumptions are where committees push back.